KIIP Grammar Level 1 N에게/한테/께 and V-아/어 주다 = ‘to/for someone’ and ‘do something for someone’ in Korean


KIIP 1 Lesson 11: N에게/한테/께 and V-/ 주다 grammars = ‘to/for someone’ and ‘do something for someone’ in Korean


1. N에게/한테/께 grammar = ‘to/for someone’

- 에게, 한테, and are postpositions used to indicate the indirect object of a sentence, typically translating to "to" or "for" in English (행위의 영향을 받는 대상임을 나타낼 때 사용해요.)

 

- 에게 is used when addressing people, animals, or things in a respectful or neutral manner. It can be used in both written and spoken Korean.

 

- 한테 is more informal and is typically used in casual conversation. It's commonly used in everyday speech when talking to or about someone you are close to, such as friends or family.

 

- is the honorific form used when addressing someone with a high level of respect, such as elders, superiors, or customers.

 

안젤라 , 누구에게 전화를 했어요? - 동생에게 전화를 했어요.

Angela, who did you call? - I called my sister.

 

아버지께 생신 선물 보냈어요? – 옷을 보냈어요.

Did you send your father a birthday present? - Yes, I sent him clothes.

 

고향 친구한테 이메일을 썼어요.

I wrote an e-mail to my hometown friend.

 

Tense

 

Noun + 에게/한테:

동생 -> 동생에게/동생한테

친구 -> 친구에게/친구한테

 

Noun + (honorific):

선생님 -> 선생님께

할머니 -> 할머니께

 

Examples

 

1. 슬기가 누구에게 초대장을 줘요? – 친구에게 초대장을 줘요.

Who does Seolgi give an invitation to? - She gives the invitation to her friend.

 

2. 이링이 누구에게 이메일을 보내요? – 동생한테 이메일을 보내요.

Who does Iring send an email to? - She sends an email to her younger sibling.

 

3. 라후만 씨가 누구에게 전화를 해요? – 사장님께 전화를 해요.

Who does Rahuman call? - He calls the boss.

 

4. 성민 씨가 누구에게 선물을 드려요? – 어머니께 선물을 드려요.

Who does Seongmin give a gift to? - She gives a gift to her mother.

 

 

2. V-/ 주다 grammar = do something for someone

- It is used when you do something for someone else’s benefit. (다른 사람을 위해서 어떤 행동을 할 때 사용해요.)

 

잠시드 , 창문을 닫아 주세요. – , 알겠습니다.

Mr. Jamshid, please help me close the window. - Yes, I understand.

 

딸에게 책을 읽어 줘요.

I read a book to/for my daughter.

 

오늘은 친구 생일이에요. 그래서 축하해 주었어요.

Today is my friend's birthday. So I congratulated her. (I did something to celebrate her birthday)

 

Tense

 

Verb ending in vowel + 주다

닫다 -> 닫아 주다

사다 -> 주다

 

Verb ending in consonant + 주다

만들다 -> 만들어 주다

쓰다 -> 주다

 

Verb ending in하다 + 주다

축하하다 -> 축하해 주다

 

Examples

 

1. 민수 씨는 줘요? – 생일 선물을 줘요.

What does Minsu do? –He buys me a birthday present.

 

2. 이링 씨는 줘요? – 케이크를 만들어 줘요.

What does Iring do? – She makes me a cake.

 

3. 고천 씨는 줘요? – 카드를 줘요.

What does Gocheon do? – She writes me a card.

 

4. 안젤라 씨는 줘요? – 생일 축하 노래를 부러 줘요.

What does Angela do? – She sings me a birthday song.

 

Practices for the N에게/한테/ grammar

See the example and complete the sentence <보기> 보고 문장을 완성하세요.


 

Practices for the V-/ 주다 grammar

See the example and complete the sentence <보기> 보고 문장을 완성하세요.

 

Review KIIP 1 Lesson 10 A/V-() and -지만 grammars = honorific form and but

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