A/V-(으)세요 and V-(으)십시요 grammar = (1) show respect, (2) making requests politely, (3) giving instructions formally

A/V-(으)세요 and V-(으)십시요 grammar  = (1) honorific ending ~show respect; (2) giving orders or making requests politely; (3) giving instructions formally 

Usage:

- (1) A/V-(으)세요 is the honorific ending of A/V-아/어요 (polite ending). It is used to ask or talk to the person that you show respect (e.g. your teacher, your parents, your boss). 

- (2) V-(으)세요 is used to make requests or give orders, suggestions, and directions politely = please (do)

- (3) V-(으)십시오 is the formal polite form of V-(으)세요 used to give instructions or orders formally. It mostly appears in the broadcasting or announcements (at subway station, bus station, airport, theater,...) or at a test (TOPIK, KIIP,...).


Tense:

Verb ending in vowel or ㄹ + 세요 / 십시오.

가다 --> 가세요 / 가십시오 (go)
주다 --> 주세요 / 주십시오 (give)

*만들다 --> 만드세요 (make)
*살다 --> 사세요 (live)
운동하다 --> 운동하세요 / 운동하십시오. (excercise)

주의하다 --> 주의하세요 / 주의하십시오. (be careful-

Verb ending in consonant + 으세요 / 으십시오.

입다 --> 입으세요 / 입으십시오(wear)

앉다 --> 앉으세요 / 앉으십시오 (sit down)

읽다 --> 읽으세요 / 읽으십시오 (read)
*듣다 --> 들으세요 / 들으십시오 (listen)
*걷다 --> 걸으세요 / 걸으십시오 (walk)

Adjective ending in 하다 + 세요: 

행복하세요 (I wish you happiness)
건강하세요 (please be healthy)

기뻐하세요  (be happy)

Examples:

*V-(으)세요 as a honorific ending ~showing respects

1. 요즘 어떻게 지내세요?
- 잘 지내요.
How have you been lately?
- I am fine.

2. 선생님, 미국사람이세요?
Teacher, are you an American?

3. 한국어 어떠세요? 재미있으세요?
How is Korean? Is it interesting?

4. 무슨 책을 읽으세요?
What book are you reading?

5. 한국어 선생님이 누구세요?
Who is the Korean class teacher?

6. 김 선생님은 한국어를 가르치세요.
Teacher Kim teaches Korean.


*V-(으)세요 as an imperative ending ~making requests politely

1. 않으세요. ← idiom
Please have a seat.

2. 들어오세요. ← idiom
Come in please.

3. 맛있게 드세요. ← idiom
Have a good meal.

3. 책을 꺼내고 30쪽을 펴세요. ← making a request
Please take out your book and open the page 30.

4. 사거리에서 우회전 가세요.  ← giving direction.
At the crossroad, go to the right.

5. 수지 씨, 결혼 축하해요. 행복하세요. ← idiom
Suzy, congratulations to your wedding. I wish you happiness.

6. 여기에 이름과 주소를 쓰세요. ← giving order/make a request
-알겠습니다.
Please write down your name and address here.
- Okey.

7. 여러분, 조용히 하세요. 자, 사장님, 말씀하세요. ← making a request/ giving an order
Everyone , please be quiet. Now director, please begin (talking).

8. 사장님, 물 좀 주세요. ← make a request
Sir, may I have some water?

9. 그림을 보고 빈칸에 수를 써넣으세요. ← give instruction

Look at the picture and write the number in the blank space.

*V-(으)십시오 as a formal imperative ending ~ giving instructions formally

1. 시험 시작 지시가 있을 때까지 문제를 풀지 마십시오

Do not open the booklet until you are allowed to start.

 

2. 수헙번호와 이름을 정확하게 적어 주십시오.

Write your name and registration number on the answer sheet.

 

3. 답안지를 구기거나 훼손하지 마십시오.

Do not fold the answer sheet; keep it clean.

 

4. 버스에서 내릴 분은 벨을 누르십시오.

Please ring the bell when you want to get off the bus.

5. 다음을 읽고 ( )에 들어갈 내용으로 가장 알맞은 것을 고르십시오. 

Read the following and choose the most appropriate answer in ( ).

 

6. 늦지 않도록 주의하십시오. 이 열차는 지하철 각 노선과 연계되지 않으니 주의하십시오.

Be careful not to be late. Please note that this train is not connected to any subway line.